Evaluation of Moisture Stress Effect at Different Growth Stage of Maize (Zea mays L.) Under Smallholder Farmer’s Condition at Jimma, South Western Ethiopia
Addisu Asefa,
Minda Taddese,
Etefa Tilahun,
Robel Admasu,
Zelalem Tamiru
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
56-60
Received:
13 June 2023
Accepted:
12 July 2023
Published:
24 July 2023
Abstract: The use of water management technologies improves water use efficiency since water is getting scarce which is driven particularly by increasing human population. A field experiment was conducted at Jimma zone, Dedo woreda, during the off-season for three consecutive years to evaluate moisture stress at different growth stage of maize. Over year analysis showed that the maximum mean yield of maize (9.87t/ha) was recorded from treatment irrigated at all growth stage. The minimum maize yield (7.91t/ha) was obtained from irrigating all sage except mid-season stage. However, irrigating all growth stage may results in minimum water use efficiency of 1.67Kg/m3. From the current study, depriving irrigation at mid-season stage result in reduction of maize yield by 19.9% with improvement of water use efficiency by 53.29%. whereas, irrigating all stage except initial stage improve water use efficiency by 6.59% with only 0.9% yield penalty. Moreover, irrigating all growth stage except initial stage resulted in the highest marginal rate of return 51895.6% by improving water use efficiency. From this study, even though stress is imposed at initial stage of maize development, the effect is low because the plants are already well developed, and they can modify themselves to cope with stress compared to the case when stress is imposed at development and mid-season stages at study area.
Abstract: The use of water management technologies improves water use efficiency since water is getting scarce which is driven particularly by increasing human population. A field experiment was conducted at Jimma zone, Dedo woreda, during the off-season for three consecutive years to evaluate moisture stress at different growth stage of maize. Over year ana...
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A Study on Eco-friendly Quarantine System Using Antiviral Surface Lighting
Ji-won Kim,
Chang-shin Lee,
Jeong-ja Bae
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
61-66
Received:
5 July 2023
Accepted:
27 July 2023
Published:
31 July 2023
Abstract: Due to the aftermath of COVID-19, we are using a continuous sterilization response system, such as sterilizing the interior of the building or using sterilized air in the air conditioning system. Chemical spraying is cumbersome and requires a lot of labor, and air conditioning systems have good air cleaning functions, but sterilization functions are difficult because they require sufficient residence time. Therefore, we developed an eco-friendly sterilization system that can disinfect the entire building with a single switch by adding a sterilization function to the existing lighting. It is a concept that sterilizes the space sufficiently by combining UVC-LED with high sterilization power with the existing LED surface lighting, using lighting during the day and sterilizing light inside the building without people at night. A PIR sensor was attached to each entrance or light to stop disinfection with a human body sensor in case people enter even at night. For the sterilization performance test, it was confirmed that 99.99% of 5 types of bacteria were sterilized as a result of testing the sterilization performance of attached bacteria at the maximum height of 1.5m or less of the certification body. The radiation intensity was simulated with a value similar to the dose irradiated in the experiment to have sterilizing power at the lighting height of 2.6m in an actual general office. As a result of calculating the sterilization time of the indoor space by coding the UVC-Led specification and the office space with MATLAB as input conditions, sterilization is possible if it is more than 4 hours. Through this study, an eco-friendly smart disinfection system was developed that disinfects the entire building with one switch when UVC is combined with general lighting and controlled from the central control room.
Abstract: Due to the aftermath of COVID-19, we are using a continuous sterilization response system, such as sterilizing the interior of the building or using sterilized air in the air conditioning system. Chemical spraying is cumbersome and requires a lot of labor, and air conditioning systems have good air cleaning functions, but sterilization functions ar...
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